Exceptions in the law: how loopholes leave girls unprotected
Many countries set a minimum age of marriage. But in some places the law still allows exceptions. These gaps can leave children without the protection the law seems to promise.
Common loopholes
- Parental consent. In some places, a child may marry below the minimum age if her parents agree.
- Court or official permission. A judge or an official may be allowed to approve the marriage of a child.
- Religious or customary marriages. A marriage may take place without being registered, out of the reach of the law.
- Weak enforcement. A law may exist on paper but not be applied in practice.
Why exceptions harm girls
Exceptions are often used for the girls who are most at risk: girls from poor families, girls under pressure from relatives, and girls who are pregnant. A child in these situations is rarely free to refuse.
A girl married through a loophole faces the same dangers as any child bride. She may leave school, face the risks of early pregnancy and be exposed to violence at home.
What a strong law looks like
A strong law sets one clear minimum age with no exceptions. It requires every marriage to be registered. It protects girls who seek help, and it holds to account those who arrange the marriages of children.
The law and awareness together
A law alone is not enough. Families, religious leaders, teachers and officials need to understand why it exists. When people know the harm of child marriage, they are more likely to respect the law.
Every child, everywhere, deserves the same protection.